This is speacial topic about the treatment of Malaria as Researchers find new ways for designing Drugs against Drug-Resistant Malaria, as Malaria is still remain headache for the health authorities in different areas of the world. In some areas of the world, treatment of Malaria become difficult as this now change into the drug resistant Malaria. According to the newly published report by World Health Organization (WHO), a mosquito-borne illness, named Malaria is still remain a problem which affects more than 200 million individuals annually, which resulting in estimated 400,000 death each year. So for this deadly deases new treatments are need of the time, as resistance to the already present anti-malarial drugs are on the rise, which makes the disease increasingly difficult to treat in some parts of the world.
But now we hear a great news that for the first time in the history, researchers finds key difference in the structures of a the metabolic enzyme of the parasite named Plasmodium, that causes malaria as compared to its human counterpart.
The International Union of Crystallography Journal (IUCJ), recently published these new findings. According to these findings researchers became more closer to the developing of new and more useful therapies to combat against the newly emerged drug-resistant type of malaria.
This research discuss shape of the enzyme responsible for Malaria with the cimparison of its counterpart enzymes present in the target human body. According to this research, the enzyme responsible for malaria, which is known as Plasmodium, consisting of four individual subunits, while the enzyme in humans consists of two subunits. These enzymes adopted shapes for these sub units. This findings is the base for designing new drugs against DR- Malaria. This finding help in designing such drugs that easly targeted the enzyme of Plasmodium without affecting and harm the human body and their enzymes.
One of the the study’s author Dr. Sriram Subramaniam, the Chair in UBC’s Faculty of Medicine, the Gobind Khorana Canada Excellence Research Center added while giving details about these new findings. The author added that these findings help in designing such anti-malarial drugs that is specific in selecting of its target. These drugs ve the ability to target the unique structure of the parasite-infected cells, especially in the early stages of infection. This target selection is the key findings and hence cutting the whole process of developing the disease.
The main author of the study Dr. Shanti Swaroop Srivastava, a UBC postdoctoral fellow in Subramaniam’s lab, which is recognized for world-leading contributions in cryo-EM informed about the usefulness of this research while giving details of the study, added that “by this discovery, a new avenue and ways are open against combatting Drug Resistant Malaria has opened,” . Further he added that “as with the help of this study, now we know the atomic structural information of this key metabolic enzyme of malria, it is now easy ti develop new drugs of such characteristics to block the parasite’s ability to metabolize glucose and survive.”
This study conducted on the basis of structural differences of the metabolic enzyme, which is known as hexokinase. These enzymes were captured by using special technique known as Cryogenic Electron Microscopy also known as cryo-EM. In this technique the study samples are cooled to the cryogenic temperature after which the study samples are examined at near-atomic resolution.
This study, carried out in the laboratory of Dr. Subramaniam, and was conducted in collaboration with research groups at Clemson University, by Dr. James Morris, professor of genetics and biochemistry, and the Ohio State University Medical Center, by Dr. Mark Drew, professor of microbial infection and immunity.
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